JAPAN IN THE MIDDLE AGESUsing www.dictionary.com, look up the following words empire and nation
In the space below, write down the definition of both the word empire and nation. Explain in complete sentences, how both terms apply or does not apply to Japan. THE NARA PERIOD & EMPRESS GEMMEI
The Nara period is a period of the history of Japan covers the years from AD 710 to 794. Empress Gemmei established the capital of Heijō-kyō (present-day Nara). Except for a five-year period (740–745), when the capital was briefly moved again, it remained the capital of Japanese civilization until Emperor Kammu established a new capital, Nagaoka-kyō, in 784, before moving to Heian-kyō, or Kyoto, a decade later in 794. Most of Japanese society during this period was agricultural in nature and centered on villages. Most of the villagers followed a religion based on the worship of natural and ancestral spirits called kami. The capital at Nara was modeled after Chang'an, the capital city of Tang China.[2] In many other ways, the Japanese upper classes patterned themselves after the Chinese, including adopting Chinese written system, fashion, and the religion of Buddhism. The Nara Period led to the development of a centralized government similar to the Chinese Tang Dynasty, triggering a departure from empire in favor of the nation. The Nara Period ended peacefully after Emperor Kammu transitioned the capital away from Nara. THE HEIAN PERIOD The Heian period is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. The period is named after the capital city of Heian-kyō, or modern Kyōto. It is the period in Japanese history when Buddhism, Taoism and other Chinese influences were at their height. The Heian period is also considered the peak of the Japanese imperial court and noted for its art, especially poetry and literature. Although the Imperial House of Japan had power on the surface, the real power was in the hands of the Fujiwara clan, a powerful aristocratic family who had intermarried with the imperial family. Many emperors actually had mothers from the Fujiwara family.[2] Heian means "peace" in Japanese.
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